This assignment is about creating a working, barebones OS Kernel that may act as the beginning of a fun project in the future, or a developed Kernel in the next course in the OS sequence (Operating System Internals or Design and Implementation of Operating Systems)
First, get the Hello World Kernel up and running. No modifications to the files are needed to get it up and running.
Now, for your assignment:
Right now, to print something to the screen, you need to place a single character into the video buffer starting at 0xb8000 followed by a style byte.
The default style byte is 0x07.
The video buffer operates like an array starting at address 0xb8000 where every two index set is a character and a style byte. Continuing on and placing items in the buffer will eventually wrap the data back to the beginning line. The video buffer is 80x25 meaning that if you extend characters past this point they won't be put on the screen and will be put into some other memory area that is responsible for doing something else entirely.
Designing an Operating System is about developing modules, one by one, to perform tasks as needed. Your first job is to develop a console package of function that will assist you in the task of printing items to the screen.
Your console package will contain the following functions:
1) setConsoleMode(int) - There are two modes for console output. One is a roll and one wrap. Set Mode will take an integer value that makes your console either perform a scroll or perform a wrap. When you are in wrap mode, putting a character outside the bounds of the 80x25 will be placed back at the top in its appropriate offset. Scroll mode will continue to place items on the bottom but will scroll the screen appropriately.
2) moveCursor(int,int) - This function will move the output cursor to the appropriate position on the screen.
3) scroll(int) - scroll takes an int as a parameter that is the number of lines that we wish to scroll the screen. If your screen contains a filled up line 1 and you run scroll(1) this function will push the top line outside the bounds of the video buffer off the screen.
4) setOutputMode(int) - Changes the style byte of the character you are displaying to the screen. Style bytes run 0-15.
5) print(char*) - This function takes a string as a parameter and prints it to the screen starting at the current cursor position and places the output to the screen according to the current mode and cursor position. You will then alter your kernel_early function to perform tasks that showcase all your functions working. How this is done is up to you. Try changing colors. Try moving the cursor. Try printing a line and then running scroll and see what happens. What you want to do is just provide some output that tests your functions. I'll leave that testing up to you.
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